Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. It mimics the effects of GLP-1, a hormone produced in the intestines after eating. Semaglutide suppresses appetite, enhances insulin secretion, and slows down the passage of food through the gut, leading to reduced caloric intake, which are all essential for weight management and blood sugar control.